中文摘要：

针对目前金属型快速成形工艺的主要缺点,提出了金属型快速成形的新方法—喷射电铸。介绍了喷射电铸的基本原理,研制了试验装置,采用优化的工艺参数制备了具有简单形状金属铜样件,运用扫描电子显微镜和X-ray衍射仪等现代分析手段对纳米晶微观结构进行分析。讨论了喷嘴口径对电铸速度、成形精度、扫描间隔等参数的影响。结果表明,喷嘴口径同电铸速度基本上呈线性关系,喷嘴口径大时,相应地增大了电铸面积,提高了电铸的速度;喷嘴口径与定域性有密切关系,喷嘴口径小,则定域性好,尺寸精度好。喷射电铸能显著提高极限电流密度,细化晶粒,改善铸层质量。铜沉积层具有纳米晶微观结构,平均晶粒尺寸约为40nm。

英文摘要：

To against, the demerits of currently used main metal rapid prototyping （RP） technologies, a novel method, jet electroforming （JEF）, was presented. The theories of JEF were introduced. Several copper specimens with simple shapes were fabricated by the developed device under the optimum procession parameters. Microstructural evolution of copper layer was examined by means of scanning electron microscopy （SEM） ,and X-ray diffraetometry （XRD）. The influences of nozzle caliber on electroforming rate, formed precisilon and scanning interval were studied. The results show that nozzle caliber has a linear relation with the electroforming rate, the electroforming rate increases with increasing nozzle caliber. Nozzle caliber has great effects on the precision of electroforming spot, the well precision of electroforming spot can be gained with a small nozzle caliber. JEF can greatly enhance the limited currentdensity, fine crystalline particles and improve deposition quality. The deposited copper layers have nanocrystalline microstructure with an average grain size of 40nm.