中文摘要：

目的探讨周围神经显微减压术治疗糖尿病性下肢周围神经病的疗效。方法应用腓总神经、腓深神经、胫后神经主干及其分支显微减压术治疗42例糖尿病性下肢周围神经病患者（54侧下肢）。结果平均随访40个月。42例糖尿病性下肢周围神经病患者54侧下肢膝下麻木、疼痛症状术后89％（48／54）缓解，肢体平衡问题术后70％（21／30）缓解，随访期间54侧下肢无一侧发生顽固性溃疡或截肢。术后拇指两点辨别觉好转40侧（74％，40／54），腓总神经、胫后神经感觉、运动神经传导速度及动作电位波幅改善38侧（70％，38／54）。并发症：踝部切口愈合不良3侧（6％，3／54）。结论周围神经显微减压术是治疗糖尿病性下肢周围神经病的有效方法，严格把握手术指征及术中神经彻底减压是保证疗效的关键。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the effectiveness of microsurgical decompression of peripheral nerves for treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy of lower limbs. Methods The microsurgical decompression of common peroneal nerve, deep peroneal nerve, posterior tibial nerve and its branches were performed on 54 lower limbs of 42 diabetic patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN）. Results All the patients were followed - up for 40 months in average. The symptoms of numbness and pain were improved in 48 of 54 lower limbs （89% , 48/54）. 70% of the patients with preoperative balance problems were improved （21/30）. The two points discrimination of 40 sides （ 74% , 40/54 ） of limbs were improved. The conduction velocity and amplitude of action potential of common peroneal nerves and/or posterior tibial nerves of 38 sides （70% , 38/54 ） of limbs were improved after the surgery. There was no refractory ulceration or amputation occurred in 54 lower limbs during follow - up duration. Delayed wound healing was found in 3 lower limbs （6% , 3/54）. Conclusions Microsurgical decompression of peripheral nerves is an effective method for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy of lower limbs. Strict preoperative patient selection and complete intro - operative decompression are key points for good postoperative results.