中文摘要：

利用2009年7月—2011年6月琼州海峡南岸东西两侧2部梯度测风塔2年实测资料，分析了海峡区域近地面层风向风速、阵风系数、风随高度变化的特征。结果表明：海峡东西两侧风参数大小有较大差异。在地面10m高度风速〈10m／s时，海峡风向风速有明显日变化，体现了以海陆风为主导的局地环流特征；海峡西侧的日最大风速及风速日较差分别比东侧大0．6m／s和1．1m／s；地面10m高度的阵风系数及风随高度变化的幂指数d分别比东侧小0．03和0．02；阵风系数与d值随地面风速的增大而减小。当海峡地面10m高度风速≥10m／s时，阵风系数与理值并未随地面风速增大而减小。天气系统对海峡大风的阵风系数、风向风速演变趋势有一定影响，但对口影响较小。热带气旋大风过程的平均阵风系数比冷空气过程大。中心经过型、近距离经过型和外围影响型热带气旋大风过程的风速演变特征分别为双峰型、单峰型和平台型。过境型、锋消型以及冷暖系统共同影响型的冷空气大风过程的风速演变特征分别为平台型、单峰型和多峰型。

英文摘要：

Two wind datasets from two gradient observation towers over the eastern and western side of Qiongzhou Strait on the southem coast were investigated for the period of 1 July 2009 through 30 June 2011 to examine the variation characteristics of wind velocity and wind direction, gust factor, as well as the wind velocity varying with altitude in the near-surface layer. It is found that the magnitudes of wind parameters are quite different. When wind speed at 10 m height is less than 10 m 1, the wind direction and wind speed have diurnal variation, which suggests that the leading local circulation is controlled by land and sea breeze. Over the western side, the daily maximum wind speed and diurnal range of wind speed are respectively 0.6 rn/s and 1.1 rn/s larger than the eastem side, while the gust factor at 10m height and the value of power exponent ce of the change in wind velocity with height above ground are 0.03 and 0.02 smaller, respectively. They decrease with wind speed. When wind speed at 10m height is above 10 m1, the gust factor and ce do not decrease with speed any more. The companying synoptic systems have certain influence on the gust factor and gales evolution type but play a little role in the value of or. The magnitude of the gust factor in tropical cyclone processes is larger than that in cold air processes. Under the influence of tropical cyclones, the wind speed varies in 3 types, of central passage, short distance passage and periphery influence, and their characteristics are related to the shapes of double peak, single peak and platform respectively. Similarly, under the influence of cold air, the characteristics of the types of front passage, front dissipation, warm and cold air interaction are related to the shapes of platform, single peak and multiple peaks.