中文摘要：

光学电压互感器是新一代电子式电压互感器的研究方向之一,它相比传统互感器具有体积小,价格低廉,绝缘易实现等优点。利用分布式电场传感头和数值积分方法测量高电压切实可行并有着光明的发展前景。为此,采用电磁场仿真软件对电极三维模型电场分布进行了仿真,分别使用高斯算法、高斯—勒让德（Gauss—Legrendre）积分公式及辛普森（Simpson）积分公式这3种数值积分方法计算得到了两极间电压;分析比较了3种算法在电压计算中的算法误差以及不同距离下干扰物带来的误差,同时计算出了在要求电压测量误差控制在0.2%以内时电场传感头安放位置的偏移范围;还针对高斯算法提出了通过改变传感头结构提高计算准确度的方法。综合仿真计算结果表明,3点高斯算法在无干扰情况下的测量误差〈0.2%,准确度明显高于3点辛普森积分公式,也好于高斯—勒让德积分公式;随着干扰物距离的增加,干扰物对轴向电场的影响减小;高斯算法要优于其他数值积分方法,用较少的传感头就可以达到较高的计算准确度,高斯算法应用在电压测量上是可行的。

英文摘要：

The distribution of the electrical field between the two electrodes under 1 kV DC voltage was simulated with the Ansoft software, and then the voltage value was deduced by the quadrature formula with limited electrical field sensors. To compare the inherent error of different quadrature methods on the voltage measurement, three kinds of the typical quadrature methods were conducted： Gauss, Simpson, and Gauss-Legrendre quadrature. It was revealed that more accurate value could be achieved with the Gaussian quadrature. The relative error of the Gaussian method with three samples was below 0.2 % in the condition without outer interference. The additional error caused by outer interference and the misplacement of the electrical field sensors was also given with the further calculation. When the interference was kept away from the quadrature route, the influence could be reduced. From the simulations and the calculations, it was concluded that the Gaussian quadrature could meet the same accuracy with fewer sensors, so it could be more efficient on the high voltage measurement.