中文摘要：

最新的实证研究发现，从大港口往内地走500-600公里，城市的经济增长率和土地利用效率越来越低。与此形成对照的是，在中西部城市，城市建成区面积的扩张速度远远超过非农业人口的增长速度，土地的集约利用远不及东部。地区间平衡发展的关键是劳动能够跨地区自由流动，只有这样，才可能在经济进一步集聚发展的同时，实现人均收入和生活质量意义上的差距缩小。要实现这种“从集聚中走向平衡”的路径，就需要土地和户籍制度联动改革，应允许建设用地指标的跨地区再配置，同时，获得更多建设用地指标的沿海城市应更多吸纳非户籍常住人口为本地城镇户籍人口。土地和户籍制度的联动改革既能为中国经济增长注入新的动力，又能够让更多劳动力分享经济集聚的成果，是一条在集聚中走向平衡的发展道路。

英文摘要：

Latest empirical studies show that the economic growth and land use efficiency of Chinese cities are increasingly lower from three main seaports to inland areas 500--600 kilometers away. In contrast, in middle and western China, the growth rate of urban land area is much greater than that of non-agricultural population, while land is more intensively used in the east. Therefore, we propose that the quotas of non-agricultural land should be reallocated across regions. As a requirement, cites in coastal areas that obtain more non-agricultural land quotas should be responsible for giving more long-term migrants local urban registration. Combining land and registration reform will serve as a new engine for China＇s economic growth, and allow more people to share the fruits of economic ag- glomeration. It＇s a development path for balance through agglomeration.