中文摘要：

目的观察大鼠出生后不同发育阶段脾脏的结构变化和CD138阳性的浆细胞分化。方法选取不同发育时期（出生后1、2、3、4、6、8、10、12、22周）大鼠的脾脏，并制备组织标本。分别采用HE染色和免疫组织化学技术，观察脾脏的结构发育及CD138、CD68的表达。结果大鼠在出生后1—4周，脾脏的白髓和红髓发育不成熟，没有完整的白髓结构和血管结构，脾脏组织中无CD138阳性的浆细胞；大鼠在出生6周后，脾脏的白髓和红髓中出现血管样结构和少量的CD138阳性细胞；8周时白髓具有典型的结构特征，并有大量的CD138阳性细胞；大鼠出生后1周，脾脏组织中有大量的、散在分布的、呈分枝状的CD68阳性的细胞，而在出生6周后，巨噬细胞呈圆形或阿米巴状，细胞内CD68的表达量也明显增加。结论浆细胞的分化滞后于巨噬细胞，出生早期机体主要以非特异性免疫为主。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the development of spleen and the differentiation of plasmas cells in rats wlm different age （1,2,3,4,6,8,10,12,22 weeks after birth）. Methods The spleen tissues were collected from the rats at different developmental stages. CD138 and CD68 were used as the markers of plasmas cells and macrophages, respectively. The expressions of CD138 and CD68 were determined by immunohistochemical method. Results The intact structure of spleen, including the formation of white pulp and red pulp, was found at 8 weeks after birth. CD138-positive cells were detected in the spleen tissues of rats with the age of 6 weeks. However, CD68- positive cells were detected in the spleen tissues of rats from the beginning of birth. The macrophages were presented in ramified shape at the early stage of birth and in amoeboid or round shape at 6 weeks after birth. Conclusion The differentiation of plasma cells are later than those of maerophages.