中文摘要：

以蔬菜废弃物和小麦秸秆为原料,设二者体积比分别为1∶1（V1W1）、1∶2（V1W2）、2∶1（V2W1）3个处理,每个处理添加20%（体积比）的鸡粪并混合均匀,进行为期30 d的好氧发酵试验,以对好氧发酵过程中温室气体的排放特征进行研究.结果表明：在整个腐解过程中,V1W2处理堆体的高温阶段温度（68℃）最高且高温持续时间（13 d）最长.在堆肥结束时,与堆肥初期相比,V1W1和V1W2处理的w（TN）分别增加了7.44%、10.92%;3个处理的w（TOC）分别降低了12.44%、12.41%、13.44%;在堆肥的前期（1-15 d）w（NH4＋-N）增加,中后期NH4＋-N向NO3--N转化.V1W1、V1W2和V2W1处理的CO2累计排放量分别为13.21、13.04、15.93 g/kg;CH4的累计排放量分别为215.72、171.83、249.80 mg/kg;N2O的累计排放量分别为56.13、35.62、98.71 mg/kg.V1W2处理的CO2累积排放量比V2W1处理显著降低了18.14%;V1W2处理的CH4累积排放量分别比V1W1和V2W1处理显著降低了20.35%、31.22%;V1W2处理的N2O累积排放量分别比V1W1和V2W1处理显著降低了36.54%、63.91%.研究显示,从腐解过程中碳氮转化和温室气体的排放考虑,蔬菜废弃物和小麦秸秆的配比为1∶2的处理更有利于堆肥保氮保碳和减少温室气体的排放.

英文摘要：

Greenhouse gas emissions using different proportions of vegetable waste and wheat straw compost were investigated. Vegetable waste and wheat straw at a ratio of 1∶ 1（ V1W1）,1 ∶ 2（ V1W2） and 2 ∶ 1（ V2W1） was respectively mixed with 20% chicken manure during 30-days aerobic compost. The highest temperature during the high temperature stage（ 68 ℃） and extended high-temperature duration（ 13 d） was observed after V1W2 treatment. At the end of the composting,the total nitrogen content increased by 7. 44% and10. 92% under V1W1 and V1W2 treatments as compared to the initial total nitrogen content,respectively. The total carbon content decreased by 12. 44%,12. 41% and 13. 44% under V1W1,V1W2 and V2W1 treatments as compared to the initial total carbon content,respectively. The process of ammonification was stimulated and enhanced NH4＋-N content（ first 15 days）. The transformation of NH4＋-N into NO3--N（ nitrification process）increased during the middle and late stages. The cumulative emissions of CO2,CH4 and N2O were 13. 21,13. 04,15. 93g/kg; 215. 72,171. 83,249. 80 mg/kg; and 56. 13,35. 62,98. 71 mg/kg under V1W1, V1W2 and V2W1 treatments,respectively. The cumulative CO2 emission of the V1W2 treatment significantly decreased by 18. 14% as compared with the V1W2 treatment. The CH4 cumulative emission was significantly loweredby 20. 35% and 31. 22% under V1W1 and V2W1 treatments as compared to V1W1 treatment,respectively. The cumulative N2 O emission of V1W2 treatment was significantly reduced by 36. 54% and63. 91% as compared with V1W1 and V2W1 treatments, respectively. Considering both carbon and nitrogen transformation and greenhouse gases emissions during the composting,the ratio of 1 ∶ 2 vegetable waste to wheat straw would promote carbon and nitrogen conservation and decrease greenhouse gas emissions.