中文摘要：

虫类药具有活血祛瘀、破积消癥、解毒疗疮、搜风剔络、行气和血、补益固本等功效,在骨伤科应用前景广泛,但是虫类药在剂型的选择和剂量的加减等方面仍有一些问题尚待解决。在虫类药剂型的选择上,医者应以＂增效减毒＂为基本原则,选择有效成分不被破坏,更易被人体吸收利用却又不会引起不良反应的剂型。同时,应将虫类药纳入更多的新剂型之中,将虫类药的药效和新剂型的优点相结合。在虫类药剂量的选择方面,应做到识病情、明药性,趋利避害,合理使用轻剂或重剂。在使用虫类药重剂时,尤其要注意以下几点：1保证虫类药材的质量;2通过正确的炮制方法,合理加减配伍增强疗效,减轻毒性;3用药时要考虑多方面的因素,如患者的体质强弱,肝肾功能以及生活环境、季节等;4对于首次使用虫类药的患者,应从小剂量开始,逐渐加量;5需经患者及其家属同意,并建立快捷联系方式,一旦出现不良反应,立即送至医院进行治疗。

英文摘要：

Insect drugs have broad application prospect in treatment of orthopedics and traumatology diseases by promoting blood circulation, dispelling stagnation, eliminating toxins, dispelling Wind and strengthening patients＇ health. However, there are still some problems in the selection of dosage form and the addition and subtraction of dosage. In the choice of insect-based dosage forms, doctors should follow the principle of ＂ increasing the effect and decreasing the toxin＂ to select the dosage forms which are easily to be absorbed by patients with most active ingredients and least adverse reactions. At the same time, insect drugs should be incorporated into more new formulations to combine the efficacy of insect drugs and the advantages of new formulations. In the choice of the dose of insect drugs, light or heavy dosages should be used flexibly according to the disease and drug characters. In use of heavy dosage of insect drugs ,particular attentions should be paid to the following points：（1） to ensure the quality of insect medicines;（2） correct processing methods should be used and reasonable addition and subtraction should be made to enhance efficacy and to reduce toxicity ;（3） to a wide range of factors, Such as the patient＇s physical conditions,patients＇ liver and kidney function and living environment and season, should be considered in medication;（4） small doses should be used for the first time and the dose should be increased gradually;（5） patients and their families must consent the use of insect drug. If necessary, patients should be sent to hospital for further treatment immediately.