中文摘要：

Transdermal 药交货(TDD ) 能有效地绕过第一通行证的效果。在这份报纸，新鲜猪的皮肤上的便于超声的 TDD 在各种各样的声学的参数下面被学习，包括频率，振幅，和暴露时间。交货黄绿色荧光灯 nanoparticles 和高分子的重量玻尿的酸(哈) 在皮肤，样品被激光观察共焦的显微镜学和紫外 spectrometry 分别地。结果显示出那，用超声暴露的申请，到这些标记的皮肤的渗透(例如，他们的穿入深度和集中) 能在它的被动散开渗透上面被提起。而且，便于超声的 TDD 也与 / 没有超声对比代理人(UCA ) 的存在被测试。当没有 UCA，超声被使用时，低超声频率将比高频率给更好的药交货效果，但是穿入深度多半是更少超过 200 m。在导致超声的 microbubble 成穴效果的帮助下，然而，在皮肤的穿入深度和集中显著地甚至更被提高。最好的便于超声的 TDD 能与超过 600 m，和穿入集中的药穿入深度被完成荧光灯 nanoparticles 并且哈增加了直到大约 4-5 褶层。以便得到便于超声的 TDD 的更好的理解，扫描电子显微镜学被用来检验皮肤样品的表面形态学，它证明皮肤结构在超声和 UCA 的处理下面极大地变化了。现在的工作建议那，为 TDD 应用(例如， nanoparticle 药搬运人， transdermal 补丁和化妆品) ，在这份报纸介绍的协议和方法是潜在地有用的。

英文摘要：

Transdermal drug delivery （TDD） can effectively bypass the first-pass effect. In this paper, ultrasound-facilitated TDD on fresh porcine skin was studied under various acoustic parameters, including frequency, amplitude, and exposure time. The delivery of yellow-green fluorescent nanoparticles and high molecular weight hyaluronic acid （HA） in the skin samples was observed by laser confocal microscopy and ultraviolet spectrometry, respectively. The results showed that, with the application of ultrasound exposures, the permeability of the skin to these markers （e.g., their penetration depth and concentration） could be raised above its passive diffusion permeability. Moreover, ultrasound-facilitated TDD was also tested with/without the presence of ultrasound contrast agents （UCAs）. When the ultrasound was applied without UCAs, low ultrasound frequency will give a better drug delivery effect than high frequency, but the penetration depth was less likely to exceed 200 p.m. However, with the help of the ultrasound-induced microbubble cavitation effect, both the penetration depth and concentration in the skin were significantly enhanced even more. The best ultrasound-facilitated TDD could be achieved with a drug penetration depth of over 600 p.m, and the penetration concentrations of fluorescent nanoparticles and HA increased up to about 4-5 folds. In order to get better understanding of ultrasound-facilitated TDD, scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the surface morphology of skin samples, which showed that the skin structure changed greatly under the treatment of ultrasound and UCA. The present work suggests that, for TDD applications （e.g., nanoparticle drug carriers, transdermal patches and cosmetics）, protocols and methods presented in this paper are potentially useful.