中文摘要：

由候选基因法得到的基因变异-目标性状的关联性,其准确性和可靠性受群体遗传背景、连锁不平衡和样本含量大小等因素的影响,所以变异-性状关联性在某群体建立后,应进一步在其它群体中加以验证。在存在低等位基因频率的情况下,如果想得到一定数量低频率等位基因纯合子基因型个体的表型记录,就需要维持很大的试验群体,且试验费用和工作量非常大。本研究提出了一个解决群体内纯合子频率低的策略,即利用杂合子交配产生孟德尔分离群,不但可以获得符合要求的群体规模,而且群体的遗传背景更为相近,同时可以充分考虑家系效应,可以提高验证候选基因遗传效应的准确性。本研究以验证鸡垂体特异转录因子基因POU1F1-6位点对鸡生长性状的遗传效应为例,表明此策略在低等位基因频率情况下验证候选基因遗传效应是可取的,且大大降低了工作量和试验成本。

英文摘要：

The accuracy and the reliability of the association between candidate gene variations and target traits are influenced by the genetic background of papulation, polymorphism of genes, linkage disequilibrium of QTL and the sample size. The association, therefore, should be further confirmed in other populations. However, for the gene with low allelic frequency, it is laborious and cost-consuming to develop a large experimental population to provide adequate individuals with double minor alleles. In the present study, a strategy crossing between heterozygotes was introduced to generate a Mendelian segregating population with larger sample size of the minor homozygous individuals, and accuracy of gene genetic effect evaluation was enhanced due to the closer genetic background and the consideration of family information. As an example, in this study, the genetic effect of the pituitary-specific transcription factor gene （POU1F1-6） on chicken growth rate was confirmed by this strategy. The results indicated that the strategy was applicable, labor-saving, and cost-effective.