中文摘要：

目的探讨人群中肺癌的危险因素,为其病因学研究提供线索。方法收集广州地区2007年1月～2009年3月新诊断的原发性肺癌病例808例,选取性别、年龄配对的正常对照808例,通过问卷调查收集病例和对照有关危险因素的暴露史,分析其与肺癌的关系。结果分析发现,吸烟、累计吸烟量〉30包/年、被动吸烟来源于父母、肺结核病史、慢性阻塞性肺疾病病史、肿瘤家族史、医源性X线暴露和有金属毒物职业暴露（镍/镉/铬）等可能为肺癌的危险因素（均有P〈0.05）,而食蔬菜水果≥4次/周为保护因素OR（95%CI）：0.31（0.24～0.40）。结论肺癌的发生与多种环境因素有关,从病因学来看,肺癌是可以预防和控制的。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the risk factors of human lung cancers in Guangzhou, and to provide information for the aetiological research. Methods 808 newly diagnosed primary lung cancer cases according to the pathologic diagnoses and equal number of sex-age frequency matched controls were recruited and interviewed in Guangzhou during January 2007 to March 2009. Results With Logistic regression models, eight factors were discovered as the main risk factors of lung cancer, smoking history, amount of smoking, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke from parents, pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, family history of cancer, occupational exposure to metal poisons, iatrogenic X-ray exposure （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）. And often taking fresh vegetables and fruits was found to be a protective factor OR （95% CI） ：0. 31 （0. 24-0. 40）. Conclusions Human lung cancer may be associated with the environmental factors, and it is a preventable disease from its aetiology.