中文摘要：

在中、高纬度及高海拔地区,土壤冻融交替现象普遍存在.冻融作用影响土壤的物理和微生物性状,影响土壤的氮素转化过程和强度,导致土壤温室气体氧化亚氮排放增多,使冻融区土壤成为氧化亚氮的重要排放源.冻融作用改变了土壤水分特征和土壤团聚体的稳定性;冻融作用使土壤微生物量、微生物的组成和结构发生改变,导致微生物标识物氨基糖种类和数量改变.本文概述了上述变化与氧化亚氮排放的关系,简要提出了冻融作用下土壤氧化亚氮产生、排放的理论问题及其研究去向.

英文摘要：

Freezing-thawing cycles often occurs in the regions of mid-high latitude and high altitude. This process can affect soil physical and biological properties, e. g. , soil water status, aggregate stability, and microbial biomass and community structure. Under its effects, the bio-indicators of soil microbes, i. e. , the kinds and quantities of some specific＇ amino sugars varied, and the course and intensity of soil nitrogen transformation changed, which resulted in an increase of nitrous oxide （N2O） production and emission, and made the soil be a major source of N2O emission. This paper summarized the research progress on the aspects mentioned above, with the further research directions on the theoretical problems of soil N2O production and emissio, under effects of freezingthawing suggested.