中文摘要：

更好理解 Holocene 中国 mandiblular 形态学的变化，研究在 23 个公制的特点上被进行过时(n=54 ) ，铜铁年龄(n=184 ) 并且现代(n=92 ) 从北中国的成年男上颚。结果显示这些中国上颚的线性人物在过去的 7000 年里演变。从对铜铁年龄到过时现代，上颚的全面尺寸减少了。mandiblular 特征的线性人物在不同时间句号之间变化了。厚度的减少和 mandible 的语料库的高度首先发生了在期间对铜铁年龄过时。在主要尺寸的减少在铜铁年龄到期间现代。在全面尺寸减少了以前，上颚变得更薄，是可能的。比较也显示脸的底部部分可能比上面的部分在宽度更极大地减少了。在上颚尺寸的减少可以在头盖骨尺寸在气候和饮食与变化，并且与变化被联系。

英文摘要：

To better understand variation of Holocene Chinese mandiblular morphology, a study was conducted on 23 metric traits of Neo- lithic （n=54）, Bronze-Iron Ages （n=184） and modem （n=92） adult male mandibles from northern China. Results indicate that the linear characters of these Chinese mandibles evolved in the past 7000 years. From the Neolithic to Bronze-Iron Ages to present day, the overall size of mandibles decreased. The linear characters of the mandiblular features varied between different time peri- ods. The decrease of thickness and height of the mandibular corpus primarily occurred during the Neolithic to Bronze-Iron Ages. The decrease in main size was during the Bronze-Iron Ages to present day. It is possible that mandibles became thinner before the overall size decreased. Comparisons also indicate that the bottom part of the face may have decreased more greatly in breadth than the upper portion. The decrease in mandible size may be associated with changes in climate and diet, and with changes in the craniums size.