中文摘要：

为研究微生物作用下煤矸石中重金属形态的淋溶释放特征，以湖南湘潭某煤矿矸石为研究对象，分析了接种嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌（Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans）的淋溶液中铁、锰和铬金属离子浓度与矸石中相应金属形态的相互关系。结果表明：新鲜煤矸石中铁锰铬的背景值对其释放特性存在影响，接种微生物对矸石中的3种金属释放有促进作用，从其释放浓度来看，Fe〉Mn〉Cr；矸石中铁主要以残渣态形式存在，而锰主要以铁锰氧化物结合态存在，经微生物的淋溶释放作用后铁的铁锰氧化态和残渣态减少，而Mn的可交换态减少，但是残存态增多，Cr的各种形态变化不太明显；淋溶液中金属离子浓度和矸石中相应金属形态的相关分析和逐步回归分析结果表明，接种微生物的淋溶液中铁离子浓度与铁的有机结合态和残渣态存在显著相关关系，而锰离子浓度主要与矸石中锰的可交换态存在非常显著的相关关系。

英文摘要：

To investigate the bioleaching characteristics of heavy metal fractions in coal gangue by microbes,coal gangue obtained from Xiangtan coal mining area, Hunan province, China, was processed with Acidithiobacillus fer- rooxidans. Furthermore, a correlation analysis between concentrations of iron, manganese, and chromium in leac- hing solution and the related metal fraction in coal gangue was conducted. The results showed that the back- ground concentration of iron, manganese, and chromium in fresh coal gangue impacted their releasing characteris- tics. The incubated microbes increased the liberation of these metals,and the releasing concentration followed Fe 〉 Mn 〉 Cr. The main fractions of iron and manganese in fresh coal gangue were resident fraction and iron-man- ganese-oxide bound fraction,respectively. With microbe-induced leaching,the iron-manganese-oxide bound and iron resident fractions decreased. The exchangeable fraction of manganese decreased as well, the resident fraction of which increased. To the contrary, the five fractions of chromium almost remained unchangeable. The correla- tion and stepwise regression analysis between metal concentration and related metal fraction in coal gangue showed that the concentration of iron ions in the leaching solution of incubated microbes was significantly correla- ted with organic matter bound and residual fraction. Furthermore, manganese ion concentration was significantly correlated with its exchangeable fraction in coal gangue.