中文摘要：

采用直流电弧等离子体法制备了纯Mg和Mg-Nd超细粉末。用XRD、TEM、ICP、PCT、TG/DSC等测试手段研究了粉体的相组成、形貌、颗粒大小、成分和吸放氢性能等。TEM结果表明,Mg-Nd粉的颗粒形状大多为六边形,颗粒大小在50～700nm之间。成分分析显示Mg-Nd粉末中Nd质量分数仅为0.89%。根据Van’tHoff方程,由PCT曲线吸氢平台压计算出Mg-Nd粉的氢化反应焓为-65.3kJ/mol,低于纯Mg粉末的-78.6kJ/mol,证明Nd的加入改善了镁氢化反应的热力学性能;DSC结果显示,Mg-Nd氢化物粉体的放氢峰值温度比纯MgH2低;另外,Mg-Nd氢化物的放氢吸热峰比MgH2的更尖锐,放氢区间更窄,表明Mg-Nd的氢化反应动力学性能得到了改善。

英文摘要：

The ultrafine Mg and Mg-Nd powders were prepared by DC arc plasma method.The phase component,morphology,particle size,composition and hydrogen sorption properties of the prepared powders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,inductive coupled plasma emission spectrometer（ICP）,pressure-composition-temperature（PCT） and thermogravimetry /differential scanning calorimetry spectroscopy（TG/DSC） techniques.TEM reveals that most of the Mg-Nd particles are hexagonal in shape with particle sizes in the range of 50～700 nm.Nd fraction in Mg-Nd powder is only 0.89%.The hydrogenation enthalpy of Mg-Nd powder is calculated to be -65.3 kJ/mol from the PCT curves of hydrogen absorption plateau pressure according to the Van＇t Hoff equation,which is lower than -78.6 kJ/mol of pure Mg powder.DSC results show that the dehydriding endothermic peak temperature of Mg-Nd hydride powder is lower than that of Mg hydride.These results prove that the addition of Nd can improve the hydrogen sorption thermodynamic properties of Mg.In addition,the endothermic peak of Mg-Nd hydride is more intense than that of Mg,and has a much narrower range of dehydrogenation,indicating that the dehydriding kinetic properties of Mg-Nd hydride have been improved.