中文摘要：

通过室内人工模拟降雨实验，在稳定雨强条件下，分别观察了LaCl3、La2O3和P随地表径流流失的特征，对比了稀土氧化物和稀土氯化物与土施畜禽肥料P随暴雨径流流失的相关性。结果表明，径流量和沉积物量在产流开始后的短时间内迅速增加，径流中总La和总P均有共同迁移的特征，对于添加不同剂量LaCl3和La2O3的土槽，La和P随地表径流的流失量之间都呈现显著或极显著的相关，稀土元素La的氧化物和氯化物都能较好地示踪总磷随暴雨径流流失的过程。

英文摘要：

Non-point source pollution is one of the main sources of water pollution. Increasing inputs of phosphorus to agricultural land have led to accelerated freshwater eutrophication. There is a hypothesis that transport of exogenous rare earths can be related to phosphorus in soils. An investigation of the behavior of rare earths can be helpful for a better understanding of the transport mechanisms of phosphorus in soils. In this study, exogenous lanthanum oxide （La2O3） and lanthanum chloride （LaGl3） were added together with phosphorous fertilizers to soils for an artificial rainfall experiment. The transport characteristics of P and La from surface runoff were investigated, and the feasibility of using rare earth elements as tracers for phosphorus in soils was discussed. The results showed that both La oxide and chloride shared similar transport characteristics with P and there were significant correlations between them. This study demonstrated that both LaCl3 and La2O3 could be used to trace phosphorus loss in soils.