中文摘要：

通过室内土柱淋溶试验和人工降雨模拟试验分别观察了元素P和La从土壤表层纵向和横向流失的特征,初步探讨了单一稀土元素La与土施畜禽肥料P随暴雨径流流失的关联性.淋溶试验结果表明,外源La和P在土壤中的纵向迁移都非常困难,La和P的迁移深度分别不超过土壤表层6 cm和8 cm;增加外源La可以降低土壤中水浸提P、NaHCO3浸提P和NaOH浸提P的量,提高HCl浸提P的量,增加残渣态P在TP中的比重;而人工降雨模拟试验结果表明,绝大部分La和总P都是通过径流沉积物相流失（占流失总量的95%以上）,对于添加不同剂量的La系列,无论是从土壤表层的流失速率还是流失的总量,总P和La都存在良好的相关性.

英文摘要：

Through laboratory lysimeter experiments and artificial rainfall experiments, characteristics of P and La transportation from both vertical and horizontal directions are investigated. The association between La and P loss from soil is preliminarily discussed. Results of lysimeter experiment show that both La and P are difficult to transport vertically. Downward depths are no deeper than 6-8 cm for all forms of La and P. With the increasement of exogenous La amount, the amount of Water soluble P, NaHCO3-extractable P and NaOH-extractable P decrease, while HCl-extractable P and residual form of P increase. Results of artificial rainfall experiment show that majority of La and P transport with fine soil particles in runoff, which is more than 95 % . Loss of total P and La in runoff from the manure-applied soil are correlated significantly, both in loss rate and loss amount.