中文摘要：

在复杂机械产品设计过程中,一般是采用逆向设计方法,为提高设计正确性的效率,正向设计是设计的发展趋势。在正向设计中,必须厘清边界条件、性能指标和设计参数之间的关系。文中针对列车车体设计,运用质量屋（HoQ）理论,构建了车体边界条件-性能指标-设计参数间的映射方法与步骤。结合实际案例对车体的边界条件、性能指标、设计参数之间的重要度进行了具体的求解分析,并给出了主要参数的相关性和重要度,为确定目标设计参数提供了理论指导。

英文摘要：

In the complex mechanical product design process, the reverse design methods are used generally. However, in order to improve the efficiency of design correctness, the top down design is the development trend of the design. In the top down design, the relationships between boundary conditions, technical index and design parameters must be clarified. This paper integrates the mature House of Quality （HoQ） theory into train body to construct methods and procedures of representations among boundary conditions-technical index-design parameters, and analyzes the process of how to order the importance of boundary conditions, technical index and design parameters, and shows the relationship and importance of the main parameters, which provides a theoretical guidance for determining the target in the future.