中文摘要：

骨形态发生蛋白（bone morphogenetic protein,BMP）是一大类分泌型生长因子的统称,参与胚胎发育、细胞分化和器官形成等多个重要的生物学过程。然而,有关BMP信号通路与肿瘤发生的研究较少。本文以结肠癌为例,结合最新研究进展,分析结肠细胞中的BMP信号,强调BMP信号通路在结肠癌发生、发展和转移中的重要作用。同时,讨论BMP信号通路在维持肠隐窝干细胞增殖-分化平衡过程中的重要作用,为癌症的发生提供可能的分子机制。

英文摘要：

Bone morphogenetic proteins （BMPs） are a group of secreted ligands that have multi-functional roles in embryonic development and mature tissues homeostasis. However, little is known about the relevance of BMP pathway to tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the BMP signaling pathway in the intestine; sequentially highlight its significance in the colorectal carcinogenesis and metastasis. Finally, we integrate recent knowledge of the roles of BMP signaling pathway in the maintenance of homeostasis among crypt stem ceils and differentiated epithelial cells, providing a putative interpretation of carcinogenesis.