中文摘要：

中国经济30多年高速增长的背后是生态环境的沉重代价，而健全的环境规制体制是协调经济与环境矛盾的重要举措。在已有的文献中，多数学者以验证“波特假说”为出发点，对环境规制与企业技术创新之间的关系进行了研究，而直接着眼于环境规制影响产业升级的文献甚少。那么，环境规制与产业升级之间能实现双赢吗？从产业技术复杂度的视角出发，通过构建双重差分模型分析环境规制对产业升级的影响，就会发现：（1）当产业发展到一定阶段，适度的环境规制会促进产业升级；虽然中国的环境规制已经对产业升级起到了明显的促进作用，但是环境规制强度与产业技术复杂度交互项系数值较小，说明环境规制促进产业升级的效果还有待提高；（2）就区域差异而言，东部地区环境规制对产业升级的促进作用明显强于中西部地区，这说明东部地区产业发展层次高于中西部地区，环境规制体系也更加健全；（3）不同的环境规制类型对产业升级的作用效果存在较大差异，市场化规制工具相比行政化规制工具能够更大程度地推动产业升级，市场化程度较高的沿海省份更加倾向于使用市场化环境规制工具；（4）产业升级同样也受到外部因素的影响，人力资本丰裕、金融市场发达都将对产业升级起到积极的促进作用，但产业升级对于传统资源、市场接近度的依赖性正在逐渐减弱。对中国而言，上述实证研究结果的政策含义主要有三点：第一，应健全环境规制体系，适度提高环境规制强度，并针对地区及行业实际制定动态的环境规制标准；第二，应注重优化环境规制的调节手段，更多地选择市场化规制工具；第三，应充分发挥人力资本、金融资本等在推动产业升级中的重要作用。

英文摘要：

From the perspective of industrial technology complexity, this paper constructs a ＂D-D model＂ to make an empirical analysis of environmental regulations on industrial upgrading. It suggests a number of points. First, when industry develops into a certain stage, moderately high level of environmental regulation will stimulate the industrial upgrading. Cur- rently, the environmental regulation in China has a positive effect on industrial upgrading, but the interaction coefficient of environmental regulation intensity and industrial technical complexity is relatively small, which suggests that to use environ- mental regulation to promote industrial upgrading effect is still to be improved. Second, to the regional differences, industri-al upgrading effect of environmental regulation in the east is stronger than the mid-west. Third, different types of environ-mental regulation have a great difference in the effect of industrial upgrading, and the market-oriented regulatory tools have a great extent to promote industrial upgrading. Fourth, industrial upgrading is also influenced by external factors; abundant human capital and developed financial markets areas will play a positive role in promoting industrial upgrading, the depend- ence of industrial upgrading to traditional resources, market proximity is gradually weakened. Finally, some policy sugges-tion is provided.