中文摘要：

小麦-锈菌的相互识别是研究小麦锈病的关键。根据寄主一病原物互作关系分析小麦品种抗病基因组成的基因推导方法是目前研究小麦锈病的热点领域，现已有大量关于基因推导的研究报道。本文综述了小麦条锈病、叶锈病、秆锈病抗病基因推导的研究进展，简述了基因推导方法的产生、发展，介绍了基因推导在小麦抗病基因鉴定中的应用情况，并对目前存在的问题和抗病基因推导的展望进行了讨论。

英文摘要：

The interaction between wheat and rust was important to wheat rust research. Recent reports on postulation made significant advances in many aspects. Analysis of the interaction between hosts and pathogens was currently a hot-spot in the field. The development and application of gene postulation in the identification of wheat resistance genes were reviewed. The current problems and prospects of gene postulation were also summarized.