中文摘要：

油污染对环境、生物和经济产生了不利的影响。目前，诸多研究均希望得到一种有效、简单且价廉的除油方法。为了提高对含乳化油废水的处理效果，以玉米芯和花生壳为原料,采用月桂酸对其进行改性，并且利用扫描电镜、比表面积测试和红外光谱等测试手段研究生物质材料的改性和处理含乳化油废水的机理。研究发现，月桂酸改性是利用月桂酸上含有的羧基和生物质材料的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素上含有的羟基发生的酯化反应，形成的酯基链接月桂酸本身的烷基链，增强了亲油疏水性，同时也有造孔的作用即进一步增大微孔和提高孔隙率,由于改性材料是通过亲油性烷基链和微孔吸附油粒子，因此这两者的共同作用提高了材料的吸油能力。利用石油醚萃取水中油分，采用紫外分光光度法测定水中的油浓度。这种方法能够更加直接地看出含乳化油废水的处理程度，也更加贴近实际工程概况。研究表明，原始玉米芯和花生壳对含乳化油废水的油吸附容量分别是6.86 mg·g-1和5.21 mg·g-1，经月桂酸改性后，其吸附容量有了较大提高，分别达到了10.79 mg·g-1和7.44 mg·g-1。因此，当处理含乳化油废水时，利用月桂酸改性玉米芯和花生壳不仅能高效率除油，而且基于以废治废，是一项相当环保的措施。

英文摘要：

Oil pollution results in detrimental effects on the environment, living organisms and economy. Currently, a lot of attempt is devoted to provide an efficient, easy and cheap method for cleaning-up oil pollution. To improve the efficiency cleaning-up emulsified oil in wastewater, lauric acid was employed to modify corn cob and peanut shell, and these materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） method and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FTIR）. The results indicate that the modification of lauric acid is taken place by the esterification reaction between carboxyl in lauric acid and hydroxyl in cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of biologic materials, and ester group formed is connected to alkyl chain, not only increasing the oleophylic and decreasing hydrophobic property of absorbents, but also creating micro-porosity. So, it can be expected that if the modified materials are employed for removal of emulsified oil, the oil adsorption capacity can be enhanced, because of the combined action of alkyl chain and micro-pore. In order to measure the removal efficiency of emulsified oil, in the present study, petroleum ether is used to extract＆amp;nbsp;oil from water sample, and ultraviolet spectroscopy employs for measuring oil concentration. The results show that the oil adsorption capacity is 6.86 mg·g-1 and 5.21 mg·g-1 for raw corn cob and peanut shell, and goes up 10.79 mg·g-1 and 7.44 mg·g-1 for the modified samples by lauric acid, respectively. Therefore, when biologic materials modified by lauric acid are applied to treat emulsified oily water, not only removal efficiency is high, but also the waste is controled by another waste. It is a very environmental protection measure.