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Temporal and spatial variations of the active layer along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway in a permafrost region

ISSN号：0577-6619
期刊名称：《气象学报》
时间：0
分类：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] U213.14[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]
作者机构：[1]Research Station on Cryosphere of Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) Plateau,Lanzhou 730000,China, [2]State Key Laboratory on Cryospheric Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China, [3]Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
相关基金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（40871037,40830533 and 40901042）; the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences（51Y251571）; the National Basic Research Program of China（2007CB411504 and 2007CB411505）; Infrastructure Projects from Chinese Ministry Science and Technology（2008FY110200）; the State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science（SKLCS-ZZ-2010-03）; Background of ecological monitoring for the ecological environment protection and construction in Three-Rivers Source Nature Resource Protection Areas-Permafrost monitoring and assessment project; the Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,Chinese Academic Sciences This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （40871037, 40830533 and 40901042）, the Hundred Talents Pro- gram of the Chinese Academy of Sciences （51Y251571）, the National Basic Research Program of China （2007CB411504 and 2007CB411505）, Infra- structure Projects from Chinese Ministry Science and Technology （2008FYl10200）, the State Key Laboratory of Cryo~pheric Science （SKLCS-ZZ-2010-03）, Background of ecological monitoring .for the eco- logical environment protection and construction in Three-Rivers Source Nature Resource Protection Areas--Permafrost monitoring and assess- ment project, and the Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Chinese Academic Sciences. The anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments＂ and suggestions are highly acknowledged. The authors wish to express their appreciation to Professor Li Shuxun for his helpful advice that improved the manuscript. The authors also sincerely thank Professor Zhang Tingjun, Professor Yi Shuhua and Doctor Chen Hao.for their help in English language. And the authors sincerely thank the native English-speaking professional editor .for her help in English language.

作者： LI Ren[1,2,3] ZHAO Lin[1,2,3] DING YongJian[2,3] WU TongHua[1,2,3] XIAO Yao[1,2,3] DU ErJi[1,2,3] LIU GuangYue[1,2,3] QIAO YongPing[1,2,3]

关键词：多年冻土区, 青藏公路, 空间变化, 时间, 活性层, 多年冻土地区, 高寒草甸地区, 活动层厚度, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, active layer, thermodynamic processes, accumulated temperature, number of thawing days, freeze and thaw thickness

中文摘要：

使用监视的活跃的层厚度(中高音) 和 10 观察的环境变量在 Qinghai 西藏的高原(QTP ) 的永久冻土区域回答 Qinghai 西藏高速公路，为中高音评价的一个模型被开发。ALT 的时间、空间的特征也被分析。结果证明在过去的 30 年里，在学习区域的中高音以 1.33 厘米 a1 的率增加了。在永久冻土的上面的限制并且在 50 厘米深度的温度，与土壤一起，在 5 厘米深度的累积温度也展出了一个升起的趋势。土壤热流动以 0.1 W m2 a1 的率增加了。所有上述变化证明永久冻土的降级在 QTP 上发生在学习区域。活跃的层的起始的融化日期是先进的，当起始的结冰朋友被耽搁时。融化天的数字增加了到 1.18 d a1 的率。活跃的层的变化是仔细与永久冻土类型，高度，内在的表面类型和土壤作文有关。变化比在温暖的永久冻土区域在冷永久冻土区域是更明显的，在比在低高度的区域的高高度的区域，在比在高山的大草原区域的高山的草地区域；并且在有细密纹理的土壤区域比在纹理粗糙的土壤区域。

英文摘要：

Using monitored active layer thickness（ALT） and environmental variables of 10 observation fields along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway in permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau（QTP）,a model for ALT estimation was developed.The temporal and spatial characteristics of the ALT were also analyzed.The results showed that in the past 30 years ALT in the study region increased at a rate of 1.33 cm a-1.Temperatures at the upper limit of permafrost and at 50 cm depth,along with soil cumulative temperature at 5 cm depth also exhibited a rising trend.Soil heat flux increased at a rate of 0.1 Wm-2 a-1.All the above changes demonstrated that the degradation of permafrost happened in the study region on the QTP.The initial thawing date of active layer was advanced,while the initial freezing date was delayed.The number of thawing days increased to a rate of 1.18 da-1.The variations of active layer were closely related to the permafrost type,altitude,underlying surface type and soil composition.The variations were more evident in cold permafrost region than in warm permafrost region,in high-altitude region than in low-altitude region,in alpine meadow region than in alpine steppe region;and in fine-grained soil region than in coarse-grained soil region.

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