中文摘要：

我国西南喀斯特山区山高坡陡,地形破碎,生态环境非常脆弱,是土地利用变化的敏感区域,也是全球环境变化响应比较突出的区域。本文根据贵州省猫跳河流域1973年MSS影像数据、1990年、2002年和2007年的Landsat-TM影像数据,利用遥感、GIS技术和数理统计方法,系统地分析了该流域土地利用/覆被变化的时空格局和特征,为喀斯特其它地区土地利用变化的研究和区域土地可持续利用政策的制定提供了参考和依据。结果表明：近30年来,流域内土地利用/覆被发生了剧烈变化。1973年-1990年,由于陡坡开荒以及城镇化发展,流域内旱地、裸岩地和城镇建设用地增加,水田、灌木林、其它林地、灌草地均在减少;1990年以后,由于生态建设相关政策和项目的实施,流域内旱地和裸岩地大幅度减少,林地大幅度增加,城镇用地、农村居民点和交通工矿用地呈持续增加趋势;1973年-2007年,各地类土地利用类型转化与土地利用强度存在较大差异,主要表现为灌木林、灌草地、有林地、其它林地、旱地和裸岩地之间的转化,土地利用强度表现为先增大后减小;流域内绝大多数地类分部的平均海拔高程和坡度呈增加趋势,说明流域内人类活动对土地的干扰空间在扩大,趋向于高海拔和陡坡地区。

英文摘要：

Owing to extremely poor soil cover,fragmentized terrain and physiognomy,and inappropriate and intensive land use,the geological environment in the karst region of southwestern China is extremely fragile.The karst mountainous areas of southwestern China are affected significantly by the global environmental change,sensitive to land use change.Guizhou province,located in the centre of southwestern China＇s karst mountainous and characterized by karst landscapes accounting for 73%of the total area of the province,suffers from severe soil erosion due to the combined effect of climate change and impropriate land use practices,such as extensive deforestation and land reclamation,farming over steep slopes and overgrazing.Such environmental issues have greatly hindered social and economic development of Guizhou Province.In this context,there is a growing demand for examining the temporal and spatial dynamics of land use change occurring over the area to provide a scientific basis for sustainable land use management and soil conservation planning.Based on remote sensing images and relevant image processing techniques,and statistic methods,the author analyzed the spatial-temporal characteristics of land use change in the Maotiao River watershed,Guizhou Province during the period of 1973-2007.The images involved the Multispectral Scanner（MSS）data acquired in 1973,with a spatial resolution of 57 m for visible and near-infrared bands,Landsat-TM data acquired in 1990,2002 and 2007,with a spatial resolution of 30 m for visible and near-infrared bands.Results showed that land use in the study area has experienced a dramatic change over the past 30 years.Due to farming and cultivation on steep slopes and social and economic development,dry farmland,rocky desertification land and construction land showed an increasing trend during the period 1973-1990,while paddy field,shrub land,other forestland（mainly for orchard and tea garden）all decreased at the same period.Dry farmland and rocky desertification land in the study are