中文摘要：

抗生素及其抗性基因（ARGs）是环境中普遍存在的新兴污染物,其环境水平和分布特征等相关研究方兴未艾.本文在总结大量文献的基础上,着重阐述了我国环境多介质中抗生素及其ARGs分布特征的最新研究进展,介绍了抗生素的存在状况与环境水平,讨论了抗生素的浓度水平时空分布差异及其对水生环境的风险,进一步通过介绍ARGs在环境中的污染水平,评述了抗生素ARGs污染物分布特征、水平转移及相应的微生物群落结构变化,最后对这两类新兴污染物的环境分布研究进行了展望,并针对我国现状提出了今后的研究重点.

英文摘要：

Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes （ ARGs ） are emerging pollutants that widely occur in the environment, so their environmental levels and distributional characteristics have recently received increasing concerns. This paper reviews the current research progress on the occurrence of antibiotics and the corresponding ARGs in the multi-environment of China. The occurrence and levels of antibiotics are introduced, and their spatial and seasonal distribution variation as well as aquatic environmental risks are discussed. Furthermore, distribution characteristics, horizontal transfer and the corresponding microbial community changes of ARGs are summarized based on their contamination levels. Finally, the research prospects about the environmental distribution of antibiotics and ARGs are proposed, and some key issues are suggested for China in the future.