中文摘要：

以水为模板剂制备功能化介孔地聚合物是近年来地聚合物领域的研究热点之一。为阐明水用量对介孔尺寸、孔隙率及地聚合过程的影响，在水模板法制备介孔地聚合物基础上，采用压汞仪、场发射扫描电镜分析、等温量热法及X射线衍射分析等表征手段研究了水用量对偏高岭土基地聚合物微观结构及其反应过程的影响。结果表明：水用量显著影响碱铝硅酸盐凝胶[N-A-S（H）】初级粒子及二级粒子间堆积的紧密程度，并进而决定地聚合物的最可几孔径和孔隙率，当n（H2O）：n（Na2O）（摩尔比）由15．5增至19．5时，其最可几孔径由15．0nm增至28．7nm，孔隙率由28．8％增至40．6％；水用量的适量增加对水玻璃缓冲液的pH值和偏高岭土的初始溶解速率和程度无显著影响；水用量增加不仅可以使碱离子易于穿过疏松的凝胶包裹层而增大偏高岭土的总溶解量，还可显著抑制硅、铝质单体及硅铝质低聚体间的缩聚反应。

英文摘要：

The preparation of functional mesoporous geopolymers with a water templating method has attracted recent attention in geopolymer field. In order to clarify the effect of water content on the size and quantity of mesopores as well as geopolymerization process, metakaolin-based mesoporous geopolymers were prepared by a water templating method. The microstructure and geopolymerization process of mesoporous geopolymers were characterized by mercury intrusion porosimetry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, isothermal conduction calorimetry and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The results show that the compact degree of both primary particles and secondary particles of N-A-S（H） gel, which determines the most probable pore size and porosity of mesoporous geopolymers, is significantly affected by water content. When the n（H20）：n（Na20） （mole ratio） increases from 15.5 to 19.5, the most probable pore size increases from 15.0 nm to 28.7 nm and the porosity increases from 28.8% to 40.6%. The water content has little influence on the pH value of water glass buffer solution and the initial dissolution rate and degree of metakaolin. With the increase of water content, the total dissolution degree of metakaolin increases due to the easier transmission of alkali ions through the porous coating layer and the polycondensations between the silicate and aluminate monomers as well as aluminosilicate oligomers are also inhibited.