中文摘要：

编码孔径光谱成像技术是近年来发展起来的一种新型光谱成像技术，该技术在一次像面采用特定的编码模板对目标进行编码，结合特殊的采样成像方式，获得满足景物重构的采样数据量，实现了空间信息和光谱信息的高精度重构，具有高光通量、高信噪比等优势。但该技术实际的光学系统设计，以及相应加工和装调过程中各种误差的存在，将逐一传递反映到探测器精度与编码后图谱采样精度的不匹配，这会引发最终重构图谱质量降低。本文侧重分析研究光学系统设计和研制装调中光学彗差相对设计值间存在的偏差，通过几何光线追迹与波前像差联合计算的方法，在成像面仿真出不同数值程度的彗差矩阵，并以此来分析不同彗差下对重构图像质量的影响结果。并用其分析结论作为依据，改进了编码孔径光谱成像仪的设计和研制，提供了相应图像成像反演结果，由此确保了编码孔径光谱成像仪的成像优势。

英文摘要：

With the novel spectrum imaging technology development in recent years, the push-broom coded-aperture spectral imaging （PCASI） shows the advantages of high throughput, high SNR, high stability etc. This coded-aperture spectral imaging utilizes fixed-code templates and push-broom mode, which can realize high-precision reconstruction of spatial and spectral information. But during optical lens designing, manufacturing and debugging, there inevitably exist some minor coma errors. Even minor coma errors can reduce image quality. In this paper, we simulate the system optical coma error which influences the quality of reconstructed image, analyze the variantion of the coded aperture in different optical coma effect, and then propose an accurate curve for image quality and optic coma quality in 255 ＆#215; 255 coded template, which provides important references for the design and development of push-broom coded-aperture spectrometer.