中文摘要：

应用平衡吸附法，研究了在不同的pH、离子强度、温度、Cu^2＋浓度及接触时间条件下，针铁矿、赤铁矿、δ-MnO2和三羟铝石对Cu^2＋的吸附作用。结果表明，随pH升高，几种氧化物对Cu^2＋的吸附率增大；针铁矿、赤铁矿和三羟铝石对Cu^2＋的吸附边界pH分别为4、5和4，而δ-MnO2的吸附边界pH不明显；随离子强度增大，针铁矿和赤铁矿对Cu^2＋的吸附量增加，而δ-MnO2和三羟铝石则降低；随Cu^2＋度增加，几种氧化物对Cu^2＋的吸附量增加，Langmuir方程的拟合效果最好。表观热力学参数指出，几种氧化物对Cu^2＋的吸附是自发、吸热和混乱度增加的过程；几种氧化物对Cu^2＋的吸附动力学过程可划分为快速和慢速反应阶段，Elovich方程更适于描述针铁矿和δ-MnO2对Cu^2＋的吸附动力学过程，双常数和抛物线扩散方程更适于赤铁矿，而一级动力学方程更适于三羟铝石。活化能和活化热力学参数指出，δ-MnO2对Cu^2＋吸附所需能量少、容易达到有序态，吸附速率大；而赤铁矿对Cu^2＋吸附所需能量多、不易达到有序态，吸附速率小。几种氧化物对Cu^2＋吸附的强弱顺序通常为δ-MnO2〉三羟铝石〉针铁矿〉赤铁矿。

英文摘要：

Adsorption processes of Cu^2＋ on synthetic goethite, hematite, δ-MnO2 and bayerite were studied by batch equilibrium at different pH, ionic strength, temperature,Cu^2＋concentration and contact time. The results showed that the adsorption of Cu^2＋ increased with an increase of solution pH from 2 to 8. The threshold pH values of Cu^2＋ adsorption were 4, 5 and 4 for goethite, hematite and bayerite respectively, but, it was not obvious for δ-MnO2. With an increase of ionic strength, the adsorption of Cu^2＋ increased on goethite and hematite while it decreased on δ-MnO2 and bayerite. The amount adsorbed increased with an increase of the Cu^2＋ concentration. The Langmuir model was better than the Freundlich and Temkin models for describing the Cu^2＋ adsorption isotherms. The adsorption processes of Cu^2＋ were spontaneous and endothermic with higher disorder. The adsorption of Cu^2＋ could be divided into two stages ： rapid and slow adsorption, and the Elovich model can be used to describe the Cu^2＋ adsorption rate on goethite and δ-MnO2, the dual-constant and parabola model for hematite and the first-order kinetic model for bayerite respectively. The activation energy （E） and the activation thermodynamic parameters （ΔG^#, ΔH^#, ΔS^#） indicated that Cu^2＋ adsorption had the least energy requirement and the highest adsorption rate on δ-MnO2, while the greatest energy requirement and the lowest adsorption rate were appeared on hematite. In general, the adsorption affinity of these oxides to Cu^2＋ were in order of δ-MnO2〉 bayerite〉goethite〉hematite.