中文摘要：

在植物与昆虫长期的互作过程中,植物建立起一系列精密而又复杂的防御机制以应对昆虫取食为害,并且能够识别不同取食类型昆虫的效应因子作出不同的防御应答。最近研究揭示了许多植物与蚜虫之间相互抗争的分子机制,这不仅包括植物激素介导的诱导防御途径、植物先天免疫系统和基于gene-for-gene的R抗性识别和作用机制,而且还包括蚜虫在取食过程中分泌的唾液成分,它有助于蚜虫取食韧皮部组织,抑制植物病原相关分子模式激活的免疫反应（Pathogen-associated molecular patterns triggered immunity,PTI）防御,以及被植物核苷酸结合位点区-亮氨酸重复序列区（NBS-LRR）膜受体识别激活效应因子免疫反应（ETI）防御等方面。本文综述了蚜虫诱导的植物防御途径、蚜虫诱导的植物免疫反应、蚜虫效应因子的鉴定与功能分析三方面的最近研究进展,提出了未来发展的研究方向。这些基于病原微生物提出的＂zig-zag＂模型为进一步理解植物先天免疫、诱导防御系统和蚜虫唾液腺组分的互作提供新理论支撑,为揭示了植物与蚜虫抗性互作的分子机制及有效安全地防治害虫提供了新思路。

英文摘要：

Plants have developed sets of complex and accurate defense mechanisms during their long-term co-evolution with herbivorous insects, and these defenses can distinguish specific pests among the various feeding guilds of insects. Recent studies illustrate several of the molecular mechanisms involved in plant-aphid interactions, including phytohormone-mediated induced defense, plant innate immune system and gene-for-gene resistance. Aphid salivary components not only make it easier for aphids to penetrate the phloem and suppress the PAMP-triggered immunity of plants, but trigger plant immunity through PRRs （pattern recognition receptors） of NBS-LRR. This paper reviews recent literature on phytohormone-mediated induced defense, plant immunity defense and the function of aphid effeetors. The zig-zag model from phytopathology provides theoretical support for understanding the defensive responses of plants triggered by aphid salivary components, revealing additional mechanisms of plant-aphid interactions, and provides novel strategies for pest control.