中文摘要：

目的 探讨利用组织电阻抗分辨颈椎前路手术中不同组织的可行性.方法 选取6只新西兰白兔和6只微型猪作为实验动物,采用标准颈椎前方入路进行手术暴露.将食管、颈动脉、气管软骨、气管环状韧带、颈长肌、前纵韧带定义为椎体前组;将皮质骨、松质骨、纤维环、髓核定义为椎体组.显露完毕后在200～3 000 kHz（采样频率点为200、400、600、800、1 000、2 000和3 000 kHz）频率范围下应用探针和电感-电容-电阻万用表测量,并记录椎体前组和椎体组各种组织的电阻抗值.采用独立样本非参数检验分别对两种实验动物的四组组织（兔椎体前组、兔椎体组、猪椎体前组、猪椎体组）在各频率下的电阻抗值进行Kruskal-Wallis检验.结果 两种实验动物椎体组各种组织在所有频率下电阻抗值的差异均有统计学意义.实验动物（兔）椎体前组颈长肌与食管、颈动脉与气管环状韧带、气管软骨与前纵韧带的电阻抗值在所有频率下的差异均无统计学意义;前纵韧带与气管环状韧带在2 000 kHz和3 000 kHz频率下的电阻抗差异无统计学意义,在200～1 000 kHz频率下电阻抗的差异有统计学意义;其他椎体前组组织在所有频率下的差异均有统计学意义.实验动物（猪）椎体前组颈长肌与食管、颈动脉与气管环状韧带、气管软骨与前纵韧带在所有频率下电阻抗的差异均无统计学意义;气管环状韧带与食管、颈动脉与前纵韧带、颈长肌与气管环状韧带分别在800～3 000kHz、3 000 kHz、3 000 kHz频率下电阻抗的差异无统计学意义,分别在200--600 kHz、200--2 000 kHz、200～2 000 kHz频率下电阻抗的差异有统计学意义;其他椎体前组组织在所有频率下的差异均有统计学意义.结论 在一定频率下颈椎前路手术中各种组织的电阻抗值有明显差异,表明在颈椎前路手术中应用电阻抗分辨组织类型具有可行性.

英文摘要：

Objective To verify the feasibility of discriminating tissue types in the anterior approach of the cervical spine by the Electrical impedance （EI） and decrease the rate of severe complications.Methods Six New Zealand white rabbits and 6 mini-pigs were performed standard anterior cervical surgery.The esophagus,carotid artery,tracheal cartilage,annular ligaments of trachea,longus colli muscle and anterior longitudinal ligament are classified as the prevertebral group;The cortical bone,cancellous bone,anulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus are classified as the vertebral group.Once all the tissues were exposed completely,over the frequency range of 200-3 000 kHz （the frequency points were 200 kHz,400 kHz,600 kHz,800 kHz,1 000 kHz,2 000 kHz,3 000 kHz）,the in vivo EI of prevertebral group and vertebral group were measured by a probe and a precision inductance-capacitance-resistance （LCR） meter;then the data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software.At every frequency,Kruskal-Wallis test followed by all pairwise multiple comparisons was applied for all the four groups （the prevertebral group of rabbits,the vertebral group of rabbits,the prevertebral group of mini-pigs,and the vertebral group of mini-pigs）,respectively.P values 〈 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results At every frequency,the results of Kruskal-Wallis test for all the four groups were significant,and the results of multiple comparisons were as follows.（1） In both miniature experimental animals and large experimental animals,the EI of the vertebral group tissues was significantly different at every investigated frequency （multiple comparisons）.（2） In the miniature experimental animals,the EI between longus colli muscle and esophagus,carotid artery and annular ligaments of trachea,and tracheal cartilage and anterior longitudinal ligament had no significant difference at any frequency （multiple comparisons）;significant difference could not be detected in the EI between anterior longitudinal ligament an