中文摘要：

为了解枸杞岛岩礁不同底栖海藻分布的海藻场区域鱼类优势群体组成和分布特征,于2009年2月—2010年2月对枸杞岛海藻场和沙地生境的鱼类进行了逐月采样,对其中的鱼类优势种群组成、生物学特征和摄食规律作了比较。结果表明,以大型底栖海藻铜藻为优势种和以孔石莼等小型底栖海藻为优势种的海藻场鱼类全年优势种皆为褐菖鲉、斑头鱼和黄姑鱼。褐菖鲉群体具有近岸活动频繁、群体低龄和小型化、丰度年间变化大的特点,通过性成熟提前、雌性比例远高于雄性、摄食对象多样化的方式应对生存压力,维持对整个群体的补充。斑头鱼和黄姑鱼群体都具有低龄化现象,群体补充主要受洄游群体影响。3种鱼类因生活习性和摄食对象的不同,表现出个体间的生长差异。同时,由于发育不同阶段的食性转化、体型变化和来自上层捕食者的捕食压力,褐菖鲉和黄姑鱼会随着发育阶段的变化,表现出对不同生境的选择利用。斑头鱼食性较为稳定,其活动区域由主要的摄食对象麦秆虫所主导,主要栖息于海藻场生境。

英文摘要：

In order to find out the characteristics and distribution of dominant fish assemblages in kelp beds of Gouqi Island,we sampled the fish assemblages in kelp beds and sandy beach every month from February 2009 to January 2010.The composition,biological characteristics and prey habits of dominant species were compared,separately.The results showed that the dominant fishes in kelp beds dominated by larger macroalgae Sargassum horueri or smaller algae,as Ulva pertusa were the same,i.e.Sebastiscus marmoratus,Agrammus agrammus and Nibea albiflora.The assemblages of S.marmoratus,with younger age and smaller size,have frequent prey activity along the coast and large variety in abundance.The strong recruitment of stock comes from the high reproduction of female,which were early sexual maturation and more than male in abundance.Prey variety of objects survived from the overfishing.The assemblages of both A.agrammus and N.albiflora were younger age and affected by the migration assemblages from open sea.The growth of above three species was different owing to the different feeding habits and prey objects.Meanwhile,due to the food conversion at the different stages of development,body variety and predation pressure from the top predator,S.marmoratus and N.albiflora will alter their choice in habitats for different utilization.A.agrammus doesn＇t change into prey objects in its life,so the main activity habitats are affected by Caprellidea,the major feeding target.