中文摘要：

选取9例乳腺炎症、7例乳腺增生的钙化样品,利用光学显微镜（OM）、环境扫描电镜（ESEM）、微区X射线衍射（μ-XRD）等矿物学分析方法对样品进行了原位形貌观察、分离后结构及成分的测试分析,探讨了病灶中钙化的矿物学特征及其组成成分和形成机制。研究结果表明,发生在炎症病灶中的钙化主要类型是脂肪坏死后的钙化,其发生和死亡的脂肪细胞和周围病变后期修复性Ⅲ型胶原有直接关系。增生症中的钙化主要有发生在扩张的导管内和在束状深度交联胶原中的坏死型钙化,扩张的导管边缘处Ⅳ型胶原和大片变性Ⅲ型胶原为钙化提供了成核位点,继而参与无机矿物的形成过程,最后形成较为致密的钙化。乳腺炎症和增生症中的钙化的主要成分均为碳羟磷灰石。

英文摘要：

Calcifications in the calcified focuses from inflammation and hyperplasia of breast patients were investigated in terms of their composition,structure and morphology by using light microscope（OM）,environmental scanning electron microscope（ESEM） and micro area X-ray diffraction（BL15U）,and the formation mechanism of the calcifications was discussed.The results show that the calcifications in inflammation focus mainly result from dead adipocytes and repairing collagen of type Ⅲ which occurs at the late stage of the disease.Dilating catheter calcifications in hyperplasia of breast come from collagen of type Ⅳ.At the early stage of thanatosis calcification of hyperplasia,many nano-sized calcified balls are precipitated on the collagen fibers of type Ⅳ due to the adsorption of inorganic ions such as calcium ions onto glucose amino glycan.These balls continue to grow and aggregate,and gradually act as the calcification of the collagen fibers during the development of the disease,which finally turns out to be a large area.The main component of calcifications of both inflammation and hyperplasia of breast is poorly-crystallized carbonate-rich hydroxylapatite.