中文摘要：

目的构建较高仿真度的6岁儿童乘员下肢有限元模型,验证6岁儿童乘员膝关节的有效性;分析在前碰撞载荷下生长板对儿童膝关节的生物力学响应及损伤机制。方法基于儿童生理结构及CT影像构建包含生长板的6岁儿童乘员下肢有限元模型,赋予相应的材料属性;参照Kerrigan等及Haut等的生物力学实验,验证模型的有效性,分析不同生长板材料属性对膝关节损伤的影响。结果通过模型仿真实验与生物力学实验曲线对比验证了模型的有效性;在膝关节区域,生长板的存在可以改变儿童乘员下肢骨折的损伤模式;不同生长板的材料属性,可以影响股骨轴向损伤力的阈值及达到损伤阈值而发生骨折的相对位置。结论所建模型得到有效验证,可用于6儿童乘员膝关节损伤生物力学响应及损伤机制的相关研究及应用。

英文摘要：

Objective To develop the finite element model of six-year-old child occupant lower extremity with high- er biofidelity and validate the model of knee joints, as well as analyze the biomechanical responses of growth plate under frontal impact load and injury mechanisms of the knee joint by using this model. Methods The six- year-old child occupant lower extremity with growth plate was modeled based on children＇ s anatomy and CT ima- ges, and corresponding material properties of the lower extremity model were assigned. The model was validated according to biomechanical experiments by Kerrigan et aL and Haut et aL and then was used to analyze the inju- ry results of growth plate with different material properties. Results The model validation was qualified by compa- ring the curves from the experimental and simulation results. The growth plates at knee regions could change inju- ry patterns of the child occupant lower extremity fracture. The material properties of growth plate could affect threshold of axial damage of the femur as well as relative position of the fracture. Conclusions The validated model can be used for related study and application on biomechanical responses and injury mechanisms of six- year-old child occupant lower extremities.