中文摘要：

为完善儿童下肢损伤防护数据,应用有限元分析方法,构建了包含生长板在内的3岁儿童乘员下肢有限元模型,并通过重构尸体试验验证了模型的有效性。应用已验证的有限元模型,针对生长板设置了膝关节弯曲试验和剪切试验,在每种试验中,对含生长板和不含生长板的下肢有限元模型在相同碰撞条件下进行损伤机理研究。结果表明,不含生长板模型骨折位置在长骨骨干处,含生长板下肢模型骨折位置在生长板处,同种试验中含生长板下肢模型韧带的峰值应力小于不含生长板模型的峰值应力。为我国汽车产业在汽车安全设计中对儿童下肢的损伤防护提供了科学的生物力学依据。

英文摘要：

A finite element （FE） model of a three-year-old occupant＇ s lower extremities with growth plates was developed. Tile FE model was validated by comparing with the results of＂ cadaver experiment, and then it was used to study tile influence of the growth plate on lower limb injury. In the bending test and shear test, two lower limb models were built up to study the damage mechanisms under the same collision conditions, one using the growth plate and the other without. The results show that in the model without the growth plate a long bone shaft fracture occurs, while in the Inodel with the growth plate a growth plate fracture occurs. The peak ligament stress is smaller in the model with the growth plate. This study provides scientific biomechanical data to improve child injury prevention and vehicle safety.