中文摘要：

背景：3D打印技术是一种可以将虚拟的计算机辅助设计模型准确快速的转化为三维实物原型的新型技术。3D打印实物模型方法可取代传统的术前规划与修复手术模拟方法,并具有可重复性,在脊柱外科的临床应用中日益深入。目的：总结3D打印技术在脊柱外科的应用现状并展望其未来的发展方向。方法：检索Pub Med数据库、谷歌学术、中国知网数据库（CNKI）以及万方数据库（WF）2000年1月至2015年7月发表有关3D打印技术在脊柱外科应用的文献。（以＂3D打印技术、快速成型技术、脊柱、脊椎、骨科、骨折、关节、手足、骨肿瘤、创伤、颈椎、胸椎、腰椎、骶椎、椎弓根、椎体、椎间盘、临床应用＂为检索词。排除重复性研究及综述,选择代表性好的文章共50篇进行讨论。）结果与结论：3D打印技术已应用于脊柱外科的术前诊断、个体化支具定制、医患沟通、教学、个体化高精度修复方案制定、术中导航、个体化内置物定制等方面。提示随着医学影像学、数字化医学、组织细胞培养技术和新材料技术的快速发展,3D打印技术在脊柱外科的应用将会更为深入广泛。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND： Three-dimensional printing technology is a new technology which can quickly and accurately transform the virtual computer-aided design into the three-dimensional physical prototypes. Three-dimensional printing physical model method can replace the method of traditional preoperative planning and repair surgical simulation, with the characteristic of repeatable, which has been deepened day after day in clinical application of spine surgery. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the application status of three-dimensional printing technology in spine surgery and look forward to its future development directions. METHODS： The articles regarding the application of three-dimensional printing technology on clinical applications in spine surgery were retrieved from Pub Med databases, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Database from January 2000 to July 2015. The key words were 3D printing technology, rapid prototyping technology, spine, vertebra, department of orthopedics, fracture, joint, hand and foot, bone tumor, trauma, cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacral vertebrae, pedicle of vertebral arch, vertebral body, intervertebral disc, and clinical application. A total of 50 articles with a good representation were selected and discussed after repetitive studies and reviews were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The three-dimensional printing technique has been applied in preoperative diagnosis, individualized orthosis customerization, the communication between doctors and patients, teaching, the formulation of individualized and high-accurate repairing plan, intraoperative navigation and individualized implant customization. These results suggest that with the rapid development of medical imaging, digital medicine and technologies of the cell and tissue culture and new materials, three-dimensional printing technology will have a wide range of applications in spine surgery.