中文摘要：

近年来,碳纳米材料由于具有独特的电子、光学和机械性能,引起了持续而广泛的关注。在碳纳米材料制备过程中,研究者一直致力于寻求可再生的碳源前驱体和绿色可持续的制备途径。随着研究的不断发展和深入,以有机废弃物为原料制备功能碳纳米材料的方法应运而生。该方法可以有效利用有机废弃物富含的N、P等杂原子以及特殊结构改善碳纳米材料的理化性质,使得制备的碳纳米材料在电化学领域表现出优异的特性。本文综述了近年来利用有机废弃物制备功能碳纳米材料的研究进展,总结了有机废弃物性质、制备条件等对功能碳材料性质的影响,介绍和归纳了合成的碳纳米材料在电化学催化和储能方向的应用,最后指出了目前研究存在的问题,展望了利用有机废物合成功能碳纳米材料的研究方向。

英文摘要：

In recent years,carbon nanomaterials have raised sustained and widespread concern for their unique e-lectronic,optical and mechanical properties.In the field of synthesizing carbon nanomaterials,researchers have been working to seek renewable carbon sources and green preparation routes.So far,it is an emerging strategy to prepare carbon nanomaterial through organic wastes.Based on this method,heteroatoms （N,P and O）a-bundant in organic waste can be utilized effectively,which will not only improve physicochemical properties of the as-prepared carbon nanomaterials but also make the products show excellent performance in electrochemical applications.In this work,the research progress of the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials using organic wastes, the influence of properties of carbon sources as well as preparation conditions on the carbon nanomaterials were reviewed,then the applications in electrochemical catalysis and storage were briefly introduced,and finally the current research bottlenecks were pointed out and the future research directions were predicted.