中文摘要：

伴随着我国污水处理率的逐年提高，污泥产量也不断增多，污泥的无害化、减量化与资源化成为环境保护研究的重点。利用污泥制备生物炭并加以应用是一种有效的污泥“三化”处理措施。在归纳污泥制备生物炭方法的基础上，详细分析了决定污泥生物炭应用前景的组成和结构特性。进一步从水污染控制、大气污染控制、电化学和土壤修复等方面总结了国内外污泥生物炭的应用情况，并指出了今后污泥生物炭研究与应用的发展方向。

英文摘要：

In recent years, in China the amount of sludge in wastewater treatment plants has been increased gradually with the improvement of wastewater treatment efficiency. Sludge innocence, reduction and reuse have become an important topic in the field of environment protection. In this paper, the compositions and structure characteristics of sludge biochar were analyzed on the basis of summarizing the preparation methods. Furthermore, the application of sludge biochar at home and abroad was also summarized from the aspects of water pollution control, air pollution control, electrochemistry and soil remeditaion. Finally, the directions for the research and application of sludge biochar was predicted.