作为新兴起的区域交通模式,跨市巴士公交在城际毗邻区的客运供给公交化中承担了重要作用。在总结发达国家都市区规划委员会(MPO)和公交服务委员会(TSB)的基础上,研究相对成熟的珠三角深莞惠都市区跨市巴士公交面临的问题与治理策略,发现跨市巴士公交存在线路经营权冲突、运营亏损和服务水平相对较低等问题。在跨市多模式交通发展的趋势下,跨市巴士公交服务应实现政策和制度创新以提升运营效率,相关策略包括:成立跨市公交协调平台,统筹跨市公交规划和运营,实现跨市公交补贴和融资创新,并建立跨市公交线路信息共享与优化平台。
Continuous economic development and urban expansion has greatly increased the demand for intercity transportation. At present,intercity bus transit( IBT) serves as one of the emerging types of regional transit services,and plays a major role in delivering intercity passengers. This paper first summarizes the experiences of IBT service supply in developed countries,and then reviews IBT operations in Shenzhen-Dongguan-Huizhou metropolitan area. It reveals two major problems in planning and management. First,IBT service is not categorized as city transit and is thus ineligible for national fuel tax exemption. It does not receive any operational subsidy from the municipal governments. Second,inter-city transportation agency is not well-established in China. Intercity transportation service has existed in metropolitan areas of western countries for decades. This paper also points out that the efficient intercity transit supply requires innovation in national policies and institutions. It recommends firstly an intercity coordinating organization that provides coordinated,long-term transit planning for the whole metropolitan region. Secondly,city and intercity services should be integrated.Thirdly,the national government and municipal governments should expand investment resources and subsidize inter-city transit service. Lastly,effective planning and marketing based on web technology could be introduced.