中文摘要：

目的：骨髓间充质干细胞具有多向分化的潜能，进入循环的间充质干细胞在体内的分布对其应用有重要意义，本文综述其分布特点及机制的研究。资料来源：应用计算机检索Pubmed、OVID数据库1999—01/2006—06与间充质干细胞分布有关的文献，检索词为“bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells，distribution，homing，infuse，transplant”。应用计算机检索清华全文数据库2000-01，2006-06相关文章，检索词为“骨髓间充质干细胞，分布，归巢，移植”。资料选择：对资料进行初审。纳入标准：①骨髓间充质干细胞移植的研究。②骨髓间充质干细胞归巢和体内分布相关的文献。排除标准：重复性研究、综述。资料提炼：共检索与骨髓间充质干细胞移植和在体分布有关文献128篇，最后符合纳入标准的37篇。资料综合：循环的骨髓间充质干细胞分布部位广泛，分布在损伤的骨髓、心肌、肺、脑、皮肤、肝脏、肾等重要脏器。全身放射性损伤后具有向损伤部位分布的规律，并且对于某些脏器存在倾向性。影响其分布特点可能与组织器官的血管分布和血流动力学特点、血管通透性、靶部位表达和释放趋化骨髓间充质干细胞因子、骨髓间充质干细胞自身表型的改变有关。结论：进入循环的间充质干细胞在体内分布有向某些器官和部位的倾向性，并且有向损伤部位靶向分布的特点，这与器官组织结构和间充质干细胞本身特点有关，机制有待进一步阐明。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE： Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） are capable of multi-directional differentiation, and it is important for clinical application to research orr their distribution in vivo. To review the regularity and mechanism of circulating BMSCs distribution. DATA SOURCES： Literatures relevant to distribution of BMSCs in the databases of Pubmed and Ovid from January 1999 to June 2006 were searched with the key words of ＂bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, distribution, homing, infuse, transplant＇. Literatures relevant to distribution of BMSCs were searched in the databases of CNKI from January 2000 to June 2006 with the key words of ＂bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, distribution, homing, transplant＇. STUDY SELECTION： Primary selection was performed by following inclusive criteria： ①study of BMSCs transplantation, and ②literatures relevant to homing and distribution in vivo of BMSCs. Exclusive criteria were： repeated research and reviews. DATA EXTRACTION： A total of 128 literatures of BMSCs transplantation and distribution were collected, and 37 of them met the inclusive criteria were selected. DATA SYNTHESIS： Circulating BMSC, s were distributed widely, in key organs such as injured bone marrow, myooardium, lung, brain, skin, liver, kidney and so no. It had the regularity of distributing towards injured parts and had proneness of some organs after body radioactivity injury. Its distributive characteristics might be related with the characteristics of vascular distribution and haemodynamics, vasopermeability, target site expression, releasing BMSCs chemokine and BMSCs phenotype. CONCLUSION： Distribution of circulating BMSC in vivo has some specificity towards certain organs and body parts, especially to damage region, and it seems relevant to the anatomic structure of organ and tissue and characteristics of BMSCs. The mechanism deserves further study.