中文摘要：

小型哺乳动物的体重和产热特征的季节调节对其生存至关重要。为探讨中缅树鼩的能量代谢适应特征随季节的变化,采用耗氧量测定、食物平衡法、形态测量等方法,分别对其冬季和夏季的基础代谢率（BMR）、非颤抖性产热（NST）、体温、体重、蒸发失水、能量收支和消化道的长度和重量进行了测定。中缅树鼩冬季体温、体重、基础代谢率、NST、蒸发失水散热分别为37.9℃±0.14℃,126.1±2.1g,42.94±2.65J/g·h,54.97±2.14J/g·h,5.69±0.33J/g·h;夏季体温、体重、基础代谢率、NST、蒸发失水散热分别为38.5℃±0.27℃,106.9±5.1g,28.69±3.06J/g·h,47.43±2.45J/g·h,7.12±0.57J/g·h;中缅树鼩的每日摄入能、消化能、可代谢能冬季均比夏季显著增加,消化道特征冬季和夏季存在变化,随着温度降低、食物质量下降,小肠长度和重量增加。这些结果表明：中缅树鼩在冬季,通过增加体重、基础代谢率和NST、能量摄入、消化能和可代谢能,降低蒸发失水等方式应对季节性环境变化。代谢产热和消化生理调节在季节性适应过程中具有重要地位。

英文摘要：

Seasonal adjustments in body mass and thermogenesis are important for the survival of small mammals.To study the seasonal adjustments in physiology and ecology in Tupaia belangeri,we observed the seasonal variation（winter and summer） in basal metabolic rate（BMR）,non-shivering thermogenesis（NST）,body temperature,body mass,evaporative water loss（EWL） by measuring oxygen consumption and energy intake,digested energy,metabolizable energy,digestibility and assimilation rate by means of feeding trials in Tupaia belangeri.In addition,we measured the length,mass of each digestive tract organ with normal morphological and histological methods.Body temperature,body mass,thermogenesis of basal metabolism,NST and EWL in Tupaia belangeri were 37.9℃±0.14℃,126.1±2.1 g,42.94±2.65 J/g·h,54.97±2.14 J/g·h,5.69±0.33 J/g·h in winter and 38.5℃±0.27℃,106.9±5.1 g,28.69±3.06 J/g·h,47.43±2.45 J/g·h,7.12±0.57 J/g·h in summer.Differences between body mass,thermogenesis of basal metabolism and NST were significantly different between seasons,being higher in winter than in summer.Energy intakes,digested energy,metabolizable energy in Tupaia belangeri are significantly higher in winter than in summer.The lengths and weights of small intestine in Tupaia belangeri increased at low ambient temperature,and with poor food quantity.These results suggest that Tupaia belangeri adapt winter cold stress by increasing body mass,thermogenesis,energy intake,digested energy,metabolizable energy and overcome winter thermoregulatory challenges by decreasing evaporative water loss which can reduce energy loss.Metabolic heat production and physiological adjustments of gastrointestinal tract play an important role in their seasonal adaptation.