中文摘要：

平滑肌在人和动物体内分布广泛,普遍存在于消化道、呼吸道、血管、泌尿、生殖等诸多内脏器官中,通过收缩蠕动来协助器官的功能发挥,是重要的功能组织.平滑肌组织工程的研究目的就是要为这些组织和器官的功能化重建提供支撑.目前关于单纯平滑肌组织工程研究的报道并不太多,大多的研究主要结合在诸如血管、胃肠等组织/器官的构建中.对于平滑肌的构建仍然存在诸如生物材料的性能不可控、支架的制备技术较单一、种子细胞的培养技术和生物功能较欠缺、以及动物体内实验不完善等问题,实验室研究与实际应用还存在较大距离.本文主要从种子细胞的获取及支架构建两大方面阐述平滑肌组织工程的研究进展.从干细胞诱导分化为平滑肌细胞的研究示例中展望干细胞作为种子细胞的前景.

英文摘要：

Smooth muscle tissue is an important component in many organs of human as well as animals, such as alimentary canal, respiratory organs, blood vessel and genitals. It contracts and relaxes under stimuli to assist the functions of these organs. Although some progresses in materials and scaffold fabrications have been achieved in the tissue engineered smooth muscle, many challenges exist in the field. There is still a long distance from experimental attempts to clinical applications. This article reviewed the progress and prospect of materials, scaffold fabrication techniques, cell cultivation, interactions between cells and scaffolds, in vivo evaluation and clinical attempts. The differentiation of stem cells to muscle cells was also discussed, as it presents the promising prospect in smooth muscle tissue engineering.