中文摘要：

本文旨在通过对11个众筹平台发展路径的案例研究，探讨众筹平台生态系统构建路径，并揭示众筹平台生态系统的一般演化规律。本文的研究结论和贡献在于：（1）提出了三种不同类型的众筹生态系统构建思路：融合型众筹生态系统、交叉型众筹生态系统和独立型众筹生态系统，它们的主要区别在于系统内物种关系紧密程度以及物种数量；（2）发现了众筹生态系统演化和发展根本动力机制。生态系统演化发展的根本动力来自于系统内生物和物种的发展，当系统内生物和物种数量达到一定“阀值”，就会产生新的需求，生态系统的设计者如果能满足这种新的需求，系统功能和规模就可能进一步升级，系统演化的动力是生物和物种发展的“被动”与系统设计者的服务“主动”共同作用的结果。三种类型的众筹生态系统发展模式对于当前我国众筹平台的发展以及创业者众筹平台的选择都有重要的指导和借鉴意义。

英文摘要：

Crowdfunding ecosystem has a great effect on crowclfunding platforms, so this paper aims to propose crowdfunding ecosystem construction model and evolution rule. Based on muhi-erowdfunding platforms, we put forward three types of crowdfunding ecosystems. The resuhs show that：Fusion crowdfunding ecosystem has most types of species, but species relationship is a little loose; independent crowdfunding ecosystem has few types of species, but species relationship is tight. The business resources behind crowdfunding platform determine the crowdfunding ecosystem structure and development way. The basic functions of crowdfunding ecosystems are information spreading and value flow. The evolutionary dynamic of crowdfunding ecosystem comes from the development of biological and species. When the number of biology and species in crowdfunding ecosystem reaches a certain ＂threshold＂, new resources and service requirements will be generated and designers of the crowdfunding ecosystems should meet the needs only if the crowdfunding ecosystems can be upgraded. The evolution of crowdfunding ecosystems is driven by the joint effort of entrepreneurs, investors and the crowdfunding plat- form. The types of crowdfunding ecosystems can be used as a reference for crowdfunding platforms and entrepreneurs.