中文摘要：

目的：探讨微囊化嗅鞘细胞移植对大鼠P2X2、P2X3受体介导神经病理性疼痛在L4～5段脊髓表达的影响。方法2014年9月—2015年7月采用差速贴壁法培养SD大鼠嗅球来源的嗅鞘细胞并进行传代扩增,取第9代嗅鞘细胞免疫荧光染色鉴定细胞纯度,符合要求后制作微囊化嗅鞘细胞。按随机化要求将48只健康SD大鼠随机分成对照组、模型组、嗅鞘细胞移植组（ OECs组）、微囊化嗅鞘细胞移植组（ MC-OECs组）,每组12只。模型组、OECs组、MC-OECs组建立SD大鼠坐骨神经损伤的动物模型,OECs组、MC-OECs组分别将吸附嗅鞘细胞悬液和微囊化嗅鞘细胞悬液的可吸收明胶海绵置于坐骨神经损伤两侧,于术后第7、14天取各组SD大鼠的L4～5段脊髓,采用原位杂交技术观察对比各组P2X2、P2X3受体阳性细胞的表达情况。结果原位杂交结果显示,P2X2、P2X3受体主要表达于脊髓灰质中,以细胞核表达明显,细胞质内少量表达。术后第7、14天模型组、OECs组、MC-OECs组和对照组P2X2、P2X3受体的阳性细胞百分比及细胞平均吸光度均依次降低,且各组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.05）。结论 MC-OECs移植能明显降低坐骨神经损伤动物模型脊髓内P2X2、P2X3受体的表达水平,具有抑制P2X2、P2X3受体介导的神经病理性疼痛的作用。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the microencapsulated olfactory ensheathing cell （ MC-OECs ） transplantation on the treatment of neuropathic pain, and to observe the L4-5 spinal cord P2X2, P2X3 receptors expression and effects. Methods The differential adherent methods were used to culture olfactory ensheathing cells （ OECs） from olfactory bulb of SD rats from September 2014 to July 2015. The 9th generations of OECs were identified by immunofluorescence staining, then to produce MC-OECs. Forty-eight healthy SD rats regardless of males and females were randomly divided into control groups, model groups, OECs groups and MC-OECs groups, 12 in each group. Sciatic nerve injury animal models were set up in model groups, OECs groups and MC-OECs groups. The same amount of OECs and MC-OECs 1 mL （2. 1 ＆#215; 106/mL） with absorbable Mingjiao sponge placed on both sides of the sciatic nerve injury of OECs groups and MC-OECs groups. Each group of SD rat L4-5 spinal cord were taken after 7, 14 days postoperatively. Situ hybridization technique was used to observe the expression of P2X2, P2X3 receptor positive cells in four groups. Results The results of situ hybridization showed that P2X2, P2X3 receptors expression in the spinal cord grey matter. The nucleus express clearly and Cytoplasm within a small amount of expression. After 7, 14 days, the Model groups, OECS groups, MC-OECS groups and the control groups P2X2, P2X3 receptor positive cells percentage and the average cells absorbance were reduced in turn. And comparison between groups the differences were statistically significant（all P values 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions The transplantation of microencapsulated olfactory ensheathing cells can reduce the expression levels of P2X2, P2X3 receptors at spinal cord and suppress and relieve neuropathic pain.