中文摘要：

临床上大量神经损伤患者亟待行之有效的功能性修复重建,但神经的再生及修复一直是临床医学面临的一大挑战。自发现适合移植的神经元可以通过干细胞培养得到,利用干细胞治疗神经性疾病成为神经医学研究的一大热点。前期的研究证明,通过特定生长因子可诱导干细胞神经向分化,或直接利用神经干细胞对神经进行有效修复,但目前干细胞治疗神经性疾病的研究仍处于早期阶段,许多根本性问题有待解决。该文就干细胞治疗神经性疾病的最新研究进展予以综述,希望为将来的神经缺损修复研究提供一些新思路。

英文摘要：

A large number of patients with nerve injury need effective therapy to achieve functional restore and reconstruction,but nerve regeneration and repair has been a major challenge in clinical medicine. Since the discovery of stem cell culture and neurons transplantation,the stem cell therapy for neurological dis-ease has become a hot spot in neurological medicine research.Previous studies have shown that specific growth factor could induce neural stem cells to differentiate,or directly transplant nerve stem cells to repair nerve effectively.However,the studies have just started,and there are a lot of fundamental problems to solve. Here is to make a review of the latest advances of stem cell therapy for the neurological diseases , with the hope to provide some new ideas for the future study .