中文摘要：

用荧光原位杂交（FISH）技术调查了我国主要油页岩矿区（辽宁抚顺、吉林桦甸和广东茂名）中砂土、新鲜油页岩和风化油页岩或砂砾岩样品的细菌和古细菌相对丰度.油页岩微生物的杂交优化反应条件：杂交温度为46t,杂交时间为2.5h,杂交液中去离子甲酰胺的体积分数为20%时,TRIzol和溶菌酶共处理方式有利于提髙杂交率.各类型样品中,细菌相对丰度均在50%以上,古细菌相对丰度均在5%以下,在新鲜油页岩中细菌和古细菌的相对丰度最髙.抚顺矿细菌相对丰度最低,其次茂名矿和桦甸矿,而抚顺矿古细菌相对丰度最髙,其次茂名矿和桦甸矿.

英文摘要：

The relative abundances of bacteria and archaea in major oil-shale mines （Fushun Mine in Liaoning, Huadian Mine in Jilin and Maoming Mine in Guangdong） of China were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） method,and three types of samples were collected from each mine,including sandy soil,freshly mined oil-shale and weathered oil-shale or underground sandstone. The optimal hybridization conditions of TRIzol and lysozyme were beneficial to increasing the hybridization rate when the hybridization temperature was 46 〇 C ,the hybridization time was 2. 5 h,and the volume fraction of deionized formamide was 20% . In all samples, the relative abundances of bacteria and archaea are above 50% and below 5%, respectively, and the relative abundances of bacteria and archaea in the freshly mined oil-shale are the highest. The relative abundances of bacteria and archaea are different between any two mines ： bacterial relative abundance in Huadian mine is the highest, followed by Maoming mine and Fushun Mine, but archaeal relative abundances are just the reverse.