中文摘要：

阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease，AD）是一种发生于老年人群的以进行性痴呆为主要特征的神经系统退行性疾病，其主要临床特征是进行性记忆和认知缺陷、人格丧失以及严重的精神障碍。5-脂氧化酶（5-lipoxygenase，5-LO）在中枢神经系统中有广泛的表达，它能通过增加1分泌酶的表达促进脑内淀粉样斑块的沉积，通过增加cDK5蛋白激酶的活性导致脑内神经元纤维的缠结，最终使患者的记忆能力减退。对5-脂氧化酶在阿尔茨海默病中的具体作用机制的阐述，为预防与治疗AD提供了新的机遇。

英文摘要：

Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is an incurable, progressive and fatal disease, leads to the irreversible memory and cognitive decline of the patients, with absolute loss of physiologic function and self-care ability. 5- lipoxygenases（5-LO） is a kind of lipid-peroxidizing enzymes and widely expressed in the central nervous system, and is involved in all 3 key pathological changes of AD（cognitive decline, neurofibrillary tangles, and amyloid deposition）. The elucidation of the pleiotropic role of this enzyme in AD pathogenesis and development of its phenotype provides strong biologic support for the hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of this enzymatic pathway is a novel and viable therapeutic opportunity for AD.