中文摘要：

铅具有很强的神经发育毒性,即使是低水平的铅暴露也会对个体发展产生消极的影响。本文综述了铅对个体影响的研究,这些研究表明铅导致个体产生生理缺陷、认知能力下降及社会情绪性障碍等症状,对处在生长发育重要时期的儿童影响更长远。已有研究发现,血铅对儿童的影响具有持久性的特点,而且血铅的危害很难通过螯合作用的干预得到改善。医疗干预及相关研究显示,积极避免铅接触是预防儿童铅中毒的最有效策略。本文为将来探讨血铅如何影响儿童认知、情绪社会性和脑发育提出了研究方向。

英文摘要：

Lead has strong neurodevelopmental toxicity; even low-level lead exposure has negative effects on individual development. Research has shown that lead exposure could result in physical defects, cognitive decline and social emotion disorders, especially during the critical period of development. The effect of blood lead on children is persistent and is resistant to interventions. Studies reveal that the best way to prevent lead poisoning is to take precautions against lead exposure. This article also points to future directions for examining the mechanisms of how lead poisoning affects children’s cognitive, socio-emotional and brain development.