中文摘要：

针对大量废弃的工业废渣严重污染环境，难以回收利用的问题．从排放量较大的硫酸铝废渣人手，采用扫描电子显微镜／X-射线能谱联用（SEM—EDXS）技术对硫酸铝废渣的组成进行分析．在此基础上，采用球磨力化学技术对硫酸铝废渣进行表面接枝改性处理，并对改性废渣进行了结构表征．实验结果表明．硫酸铝废渣的组成为SiO2 66．36%,Al2O3 6．48％，TiO2 2．25％,Fe2O3 0．66％．CaO 1．17％．通过红外光谱和热失重分析证明。球磨过程在粉碎细化废渣的同时．可由力化学作用引发原位接枝聚合反应，将改性聚合物化学键接在废渣表面，使废渣具备与聚合物共混、在聚合物基体中均匀分散的基本条件．

英文摘要：

Industrial dregs, which are difficult to recycle,become a source of environmental pollution. As a major rejected substance, the composition and structure of aluminum sulfate dregs were characterized by SEM-EDXS. Mechanochemical techniques of ball milling were applied to treat aluminum sulfate dregs for surface grafting modification. The results show that aluminum sulfate dregs is consist of 66.36% silica,6. 48% alumina,2.25% titanic oxide,0.66% ferric oxide and 1.17%calcic oxide. A series of grafting-modified dregs were prepared and the influence of monomer ratio,rotation speed and time of ball milling on grafting efficiency was investigated. It is demonstrated that mechanochemical techniques of ball-milling can smash up dregs as well as initiate in-situ grafting polymerization. Thus the usableness and uniform dispersion of dregs in polymer matrix can be ensured.