中文摘要：

在全脑水平研究哺乳动物复杂的脑神经网络是现代脑科学的重要研究目标之一,但由于缺乏合适的研究方法,已有的研究还局限于高等动物的局部脑回路或低等动物的脑网络.为了实现大范围的高分辨三维成像,近10年来,发展出了一些光学显微成像新方法,已经或有希望应用于哺乳动物全脑的神经元网络成像研究中.本文对上述方法进行了归纳和比较,综述了各种成像技术在空间分辨率、探测范围、数据配准和成像速度等方面的性能表现及面临的挑战.

英文摘要：

One of the basic goals of modem neuroscience is to study the brain-wide complex neural network of mammals＇ brain. Because of the technological limitations, the traditional tools can only study the local circuits of the higher animals or the small brain network of the lower animals. Here we review recent efforts to resolve the contradiction between large specimen and high-resolution, and some of them have been applied to image the neural network in mammals＇ whole brain. We focus on some technology index includes spatial resolution, detection range, data registration and throughput, and also discuss the challenges of the emerging methods.