中文摘要：

目的：农村水和环境卫生服务的改善是提高贫困人口生活质量、转变生活方式、促进经济增长的重要途径，其经济和社会意义日渐凸显。方法：借助检索工具对国际、国内相关研究进行了全面梳理与回顾，并对近几年涉及中国、印度等发展中国家的英文文献进行了分析。结论：将水和环境卫生的研究分为两个阶段：初级阶段——20世纪70年代到90年代初，深入阶段——21世纪至今。

英文摘要：

Objective Improved rural water and sanitation service is an important way to raise quality of life, change lifestyle and promote economic growth about the population below the poverty line, which has increasingly prominent e- conomic and social significance. Methods With the help of search tools,the paper combs and reviews international and domestic correlation studies comprehensively,analyzes English literature on developing countries including China, India and so on. Results ＆ Conclusion The study of water and sanitation can be divided into two stages： primary stage is be- tween 1970s and the early 1990s,and advanced stage is 21st century till now.